Short Notes:- Isolation, Quarantine, Endemic, Epidemic, Pandemic
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Isolation
Definition Isolation:
According to the CDC, Isolation is the act of separating a sick individual with a contagious disease from healthy individuals without that contagious disease in order to protect the general public from exposure of a contagious disease.
Purpose of Isolation:
To limit the spread the disease in the community.
Periods of isolation:
As long as the disease remains communicable, that is it may be short, same or incubation period.
Restriction for: Infected persons.
Quarantine
Definition Quarantine:
A specific period of time in which a person or animal that has a disease, or may have one, must stay or be kept away from others in order to prevent the spread of the disease:
Purpose of Quarantine:
To prevent the transport of infection across national boundaries.
Periods of Quarantine:
The longest usual incubation period for that specific disease.
Restriction for: Healthy contacts of an infectious disease.
Endemic
Definition Endemic:-
Constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a given geographic area or the population group, without importation from outside.
Period:- Long (continuous)
Example: Cholera in Bangladesh, Malaria in hill tracts, Goiter in Rangpur
Epidemic
Definition Epidemic
An epidemic is a disease that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region.
Period: Short (communicable disease), Long (non- communicable disease)
Example:
- Communicable: Measles, Chicken pox.
- Non-Communicable: CHD, Lung cancer.
Health related behaviour: Smoking
Pandemic
Definition Pandemic:-
Pandemic is an epidemic that's spread over multiple countries or continents.
Period: Short
Example: Covid-19 Pandemic, Influenza & Pandemic etc.
Short Notes:- Isolation, Quarantine, Endemic, Epidemic, Pandemic
