Agamemnon by Aeschylus all Summary, Characters And Themes (Classics in Translation)
%20Agamemnon.jpg)
- Honours 4th Year.
- Subject: Classics in Translation.
- Topics: "Agamemnon" by Aeschylus.
- Summary, Characters And Themes.
Introducing the characters:
Agamemnon:- The King of Argos, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the commander of the Greek armies during the siege of Troy. A great warrior, he sacrificed his daughter Iphigenia in order to obtain a favorable wind to carry the Greek fleet to Troy.Clytemnestra:- The play's protagonist, Clytemnestra is Agamemnon's wife and has ruled Argos in his absence. She plans his murder with ruthless determination, and feels no guilt after his death.
Iphigenia: Does not appear onstage during the play. The daughter of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon. Agamemnon sacrifices her during the Trojan War to win the favor of the goddess Artemis.
Chorus: The elder citizens of Argos. They serve as advisors to Queen Clytemnestra during Agamemnon's absence, and provide commentary on the action of the play. Their speeches provide the background for the action, for they foreshadow the King's death when they describe the events of the Trojan War and discuss the dangers of human pride.
Aegisthus:-Agamemnon's cousin, and Clytemnestra's lover. Agamemnon's father boiled two of his rival's children (Aegisthus' brothers) and served them to him for dinner. Since that time,
Aegisthus has been in exile awaiting a chance to seek revenge for the terrible crime.
Cassandra:- A Trojan priestess, captured by Agamemnon and carried to Argos as his slave and mistress. She was Apollo's lover. Apollo gave her the gift of prophecy, but when she refused to bear him a child, he punished her by making all around her disbelieve her predictions.
The Watchman:- The man assigned to watch for the signal of Troy's fall from the roof of the palace. He is joyful at his king's return, but also is gripped with a sense of foreboding.
The Herald:- He brings the Chorus news of Agamemnon's safe homecoming.
Artemis:- Does not appear onstage during the play. The goddess, of hunting, animals, virginity, and childbirth. During the Trojan War, she to blocks the path of Agamemnon's fleet until he makes a sacrifice to her.
Menelaus:- Does not appear onstage during the play. Agamemnon's brother and King of Sparta. When Paris runs away to Troy with his wife Helen, he and Agamemnon raise a fleet to conquer Troy.
Themes:
- Motif of Revenge vs Deception.
- Gender of Rules.
- Dominance of Fate.
- Poetic Justice.
āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻŽাāϰী:-
'āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύ' āύাāĻāĻāĻিāϰ āĻļুāϰুāϤে āĻāϰ্āĻāϏেāϰ (Argos) āĻĒ্āϰাāϏাāĻĻেāϰ āĻাāĻĻে āĻāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻšāϰীāĻে āĻĒাāĻšাāϰাāϰāϤ āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ় āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāϝ়। āĻāĻāύ āĻ্āϰāϝ় āύāĻāϰী āĻ্āϰীāĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϤে āĻĒāϰাāϏ্āϤ āĻšāĻŦে āϤাঁāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻেāϤ
āĻĒাāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻāύ্āϝে āϏে āĻ
āϧীāϰāĻাāĻŦে āĻ
āĻĒেāĻ্āώা āĻāϰāϤেāĻিāϞো āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় āĻĻāĻļ āĻŦāĻāϰ āϝাāĻŦāϤ। āĻ
āĻŦāĻļেāώে āĻŦāĻšু āĻĻূāϰে āĻāĻāĻি āĻāϞোāĻ āϏāĻ্āĻেāϤ āĻāϰ āĻāϞāĻাāύি āĻĻেāĻা āĻেāϞো। āϏেāĻি āĻĻেāĻে āϏে āĻāύāύ্āĻĻে āϞাāĻĢিāϝ়ে āĻāĻ āϞ āĻāϰ āϰাāύী āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰাāϰ āĻাāĻে āĻāĻ āĻāĻŦāϰ āĻĻেāϝ়াāϰ āĻāύ্āϝে āĻĻৌāĻĄ়ে āĻāϏāϞো।
āĻāϰāĻোāϏেāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧāϰা āĻāĻ āύাāĻāĻে āĻোāϰাāϏ āĻāϰ āĻূāĻŽিāĻা āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻāϰে। āĻĒ্āϰāĻšāϰী āϝāĻāύ āĻĻৌāĻĄ়ে āϝাāĻ্āĻিāϞ āϏে āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻোāϰাāϏ āĻāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧ āϞোāĻেāϰা āĻāϰāĻোāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāϏাāĻĻে āĻāĻāϤ্āϰিāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻিāϞ āĻāϰ āϏেāĻ āϏāĻāϞ āĻĒুāϰোāύো āĻāĻāύা āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āϰাāĻা āĻŽেāύেāϞাāĻāϏেāϰ āϏ্āϤ্āϰী āĻšেāϞেāύāĻে āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϝাāϰিāϏ āĻুāϰি āĻāϰে āύিāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻ্āϰীāĻāϰা āĻĻāĻļ āĻŦāĻāϰ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻāϰেāĻে āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āύিāϝ়ে āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻāϰāĻিāϞো। āĻোāϰাāϏāϰা āϏে āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϰাāĻা āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āϏেāĻ āύ্āϝাāĻ্āĻাāϰāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻāύাāĻ āϏ্āĻŽāϰāύ āĻāϰেāύ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύ āϝাāϤ্āϰাāĻĒāĻĨে āϝাāϤে āϏাāĻāϰে āĻ
āύুāĻূāϞ āĻŦাāϝ়ু āϞাāĻ āĻāϰে āϏে āĻāύ্āϝে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻেāĻŦāϤা āĻāϰ্āĻেāĻŽিāϏ āĻāϰ āĻāύ্āϝে āϤাঁāϰ āĻāύ্āϝা āĻāĻĢিāĻিāύিāϝ়াāĻে āĻā§āϏāϰ্āĻ āĻāϰে।
āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϰাāύী āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰা āϧāύ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻāϏূāĻāĻ āĻā§āϏāϰ্āĻ āĻāϰে। āĻোāϰাāϏ āϤাঁāϰ āĻাāĻে āĻাāύāϤে āĻাāϝ় āϤাঁāϰ āĻā§āϏāϰ্āĻেāϰ āĻাāϰāύ। āϤāĻāύ āϏে āĻাāύাāϝ় āĻāĻ āĻāϞোāĻ āϏāĻ্āĻেāϤেāϰ āĻāϞāĻাāύীāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āϏে āĻাāύāϤে āĻĒেāϰেāĻে āĻāϤ āϰাāϤে āĻ্āϰāϝ় āύāĻāϰীāϰ āĻĒāϤāύ āĻāĻেāĻে। āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧāϰা āĻļুāύে āĻুāĻļি āĻšāϝ় āĻিāύ্āϤু āϤাঁāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āύāĻাāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āύা। āϏংāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻŦাāĻšāĻ āϏেāĻাāύে āĻāϏে āĻĒৌāĻাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ āĻāĻŦāϰেāϰ āϏāϤ্āϝāϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰে। āϤাāĻĻেāϰāĻে āĻāϰো āĻŦāϞে āϏেāĻাāύে āϤাāĻĻেāϰāĻে āĻ
āύেāĻ āĻāώ্āĻ āĻāϰāϤে āĻšāϝ়েāĻে āĻিāύ্āϤু āϤাāϰা āĻŦিāĻāϝ়ী āĻšāϝ়েāĻে।
āĻোāϰাāϏāϰা āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āϰাāύী āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰাāĻে āϰাāĻা āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āĻŦāĻšāϰেāϰ āĻĻিāĻে āϝেāϤে āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻে āĻāĻŦāϰ āĻĻিāϤে āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ, āϰাāĻা āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύ āϝেāύো āϤাāĻĄ়াāϤাāĻĄ়ি āĻĢিāϰে āĻāϏে। āϏে āĻāϞে āϝাāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻāĻে āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧāϰা āϰাāĻা āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āĻাāĻ āĻŽেāύেāϞাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻāĻŦāϰ āĻাāύāϤে āĻাāϝ়। āϏে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦāϞে āϰাāĻা āĻŽেāύেāϞাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻŦāĻšāϰ āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāϝ় āύি āĻাāϰāύ āĻĒāĻĨিāĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻāĻা āĻāϝ়āĻ্āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽূāĻĻ্āϰ āĻāĻĄ় āĻāĻ ে āϏে āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ
āύেāĻেāϰāĻ āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻĻিāĻ āĻŦিāĻĻিāĻ āĻুāĻে āϝাāϝ়। āĻāĻĄ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŽেāύেāϞাāĻāϏ āϏāĻš āĻ
āύেāĻāĻেāĻ āĻুāĻে āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āϝাāĻ্āĻে āύা। āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻোāϰাāϏāϰা āĻšেāϞেāύেāϰ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻāϝ়āĻ্āĻāϰāϤ্āĻŦ āύিāϝ়ে āĻাāύ āĻাāϝ় āϝে āϤাāϰ(āĻšেāϞেāύেāϰ) āϰূāĻĒ āĻšāĻ্āĻে āϧ্āĻŦংāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤীāĻāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ।
āĻ
āĻŦāĻļেāώে āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύ āĻĢিāϰে āĻāϏে। āϰাāĻা āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়াāĻŽেāϰ (Priam) āĻāύ্āϝা āĻ্āϝাāϏাāύ্āĻĄ্āϰাāĻে āύিāϝ়েāĻ āϰাāĻা āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύ āĻĢিāϰে āĻāϏে āĻāĻŦং āϰāĻĨ āĻĨেāĻে āĻ
āĻŦāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰে। āĻ্āϝাāϏাāύ্āĻĄ্āϰাāĻে āϏে āĻĻাāϏী āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻ্āϰāĻšāύ āĻāϰেāĻে। āϰাāύী āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰāĻে āĻ
āĻ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻাāύাāϝ় āĻ āϰাāĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে āϤাঁāϰ āĻাāϞোāĻŦাāϏা āĻāĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤāĻ āĻ
āĻুāĻ āĻāĻে। āϰাāĻাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāϏাāĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝে āĻāĻāĻি āϞাāϞ āĻাāϰ্āĻĒেāĻ āĻŦিāĻিāϝ়ে āĻĻেāϝ়। āϰাāĻা āϤাঁāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻুāĻŦ āĻ াāύ্āĻĄা āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰে āĻāϰ āĻŦāϞে āĻāĻ āĻাāϰ্āĻĒেāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻšাāĻা āϤাঁāϰ āĻāύ্āϝে āĻāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰেāϰ āĻ
āĻšংāĻাāϰ।
āĻāϏāϞে āϞাāϞ āĻাāϰ্āĻĒেāĻেāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻļুāϧু āĻĻেāĻŦ-āĻĻেāĻŦীāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤো āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύিāϤāĻāĻŖāĻ āĻšাঁāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āĻāĻাāύে āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāĻে āĻšাঁāĻāϤে āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāĻ্āĻে āĻŽাāύে āϏে āύিāĻেāĻে āĻĻেāĻŦ-āĻĻেāĻŦীāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤো āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύিāϤ āĻŽāύে āĻāϰে āϝেāĻা āϤাāϰ āĻ āĻšংāĻŦোāϧ। āĻāϰ āĻāĻা āϤাāϰ āĻĒāϤāύেāϰ āĻাāϰāĻŖ। āϏে āϰাāĻাāĻে āĻāĻা āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻšেāĻে āĻĒ্āϰাāϏাāĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝে āĻ্āϰāĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻোāϰাāĻুāϰি āĻāϰāϤে āĻĨাāĻে। āϝাāĻ āĻšোāĻ āĻ āĻŦāĻļেāώে āϰাāĻা āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύ āĻĒ্āϰাāϏাāĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻāϰে।āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻোāϰাāϏেāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧāϰা āĻāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ āĻ āĻŽāĻ্āĻāϞেāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦ āϞāĻ্āώāĻŖ āĻ āύুāϧাāĻŦāύ āĻāϰāϞেāύ।
āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰা āĻŦেāϰিāϝ়ে āĻāϏে āϝাāϤে āĻ্āϝাāϏাāύ্āĻĄ্āϰা āĻিāϤāϰে āϝেāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āĻ্āϰāϝ়েāϰ āĻāĻ āϰাāĻāĻāύ্āϝা āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻāĻেāĻŦাāϰে āĻুāĻĒ āĻŽেāϰে āϝাāϝ় āĻāϰ āϰাāύী āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰা āϤাāĻে āĻāĻ āϰāĻāĻŽ āύৈāϰাāϏ্āϝāĻāύāĻ āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ় āĻĢেāϞে āϝাāϝ়। āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ্āϝাāϏাāύ্āĻĄ্āϰা āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻļুāϰু āĻāϰে āĻāϰ āϏে āĻিāĻু āĻ āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻāĻŦিāώ্āϝā§āĻŦাāύী āĻāϰে। āϏে āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āĻŦাāĻĄ়িāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻ āĻিāĻļাāĻĒ āϰāϝ়েāĻে āĻŦāϞে āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻāϰে। āĻ্āϝাāϏাāύ্āĻĄ্āϰা āĻোāϰাāϏāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦāϞে, āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϰাāĻা āĻুāĻŦ āĻļিāĻ্āϰāĻ āĻŽাāϰা āϝাāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āϏেāĻ āĻŽাāϰা āϝাāĻŦে। āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻāϰো āĻāĻŦিāώ্āϝā§āĻŦাāύী āĻāϰে āϏাāĻŽāύে āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļোāϧ āĻ্āϰāĻšāύāĻাāϰী āĻāϏāĻŦে। āϤাঁāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻেāĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻāϰে āύা। āϏে āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻাāĻে āύিāĻেāĻে āϏāĻĒে āĻĻেāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻāϰে।
āĻāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻোāϰাāϏāĻĻেāϰ āĻāϝ় āĻŦেāĻĄ়ে āϝাāϝ়। āĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝে āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĨাāϝ় āĻিā§āĻাāϰ āĻļোāύা āϝাāϝ়। āĻোāϰাāϏেāϰ āĻĻāϞ āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻি āĻāϰāĻŦে āϤা āύিāϝ়ে āĻāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āϝাāϝ়। āϰাāύী āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰা āĻĻāϰāĻা āĻোāϞে। āϤাāĻে āϤাঁāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽীāϰ āĻŽৃāϤāĻĻেāĻš āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏাāύ্āĻĄ্āϰাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে āĻĻাঁāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻĨাāĻāϤে āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāϝ়। āĻ্āϞাāĻāĻেāĻŽāύেāϏ্āĻ্āϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦāϞে āϏে āϤাঁāϰ āĻāύ্āϝা āĻāĻĢিāĻিāύিāϝ়াāĻে āĻšāϤ্āϝাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļোāϧ āύিāϝ়েāĻে। āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āϏে āϤাঁāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāĻŽিāĻ āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āĻাāĻাāϤো āĻাāĻ āĻāĻিāϏāĻĨাāϏ āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϝোāĻ āĻĻেāϝ়। āϤাāϰা āĻĻুāĻāύে āϰাāĻ্āϝāĻাāϰ āĻ্āϰāĻšāύ āĻāϰে। āĻāϰ āĻāĻĻিāĻে āĻোāϰাāϏেāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧāϰা āĻŦāϞাāĻŦāϞি āĻāϰে āϝে āĻāĻŦাāϰ āĻোāύোāĻĻিāύ āĻāĻাāĻŽেāĻŽāύāύেāϰ āĻেāϞে āĻ
āϰেāϏ্āĻিāϏ āϤাঁāϰ āĻĒিāϤাāϰ āĻšāϤ্āϝাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļোāϧ āύিāϤে āĻāϏāĻŦে। āĻāĻাāύেāĻ āύাāĻāĻāĻি āĻļেāώ āĻšāϝ়।
English Summary:
The play is set sometime in the 12th or 13th centuries BCE, and begins in Argos, Greece. A Watchman, stationed on top of the palace, waits for a signal fire indicating that the ten-year Trojan War (between the Greeks and the Trojans) has come to an end. He sees the fire light and rushes out to tell queen Clytemnestra the good news.In the next scene, the Chorus, a collection of old men, gathers in front of the palace of Clytemnestra, Agamemnon's wife, who has been taking care of things while Agamemnon is gone. They want to know what all the fuss is about. Then they sing a song about the causes of the Trojan War and how, on his way there, Agamemnon sacrificed his and Clytemnestra's daughter Iphigenia to convince the goddess Artemis to send him good winds.
The Queen appears, and the Chorus asks her why she has ordered sacrifices of thanksgiving. She tells them that a system of beacons has brought word that Troy fell the previous night. The Chorus give thanks to the gods, but wonder if her news is true; a Herald appears and confirms the tidings, describing the army's sufferings at Troy and giving thanks for a safe homecoming. Clytemnestra sends him back to Agamemnon, to tell her husband to come swiftly, but before he departs, the Chorus asks him for news of Menelaus. The Herald replies that a terrible storm seized the Greek fleet on the way home, leaving Menelaus and many others missing.
The Chorus sings of the terrible destructive power of Helen's beauty. Agamemnon enters, riding in his chariot with Cassandra, a Trojan Princess whom he has taken as his slave and concubine. Clytemnestra welcomes him, professing her love, and orders a carpet of purple robes spread in front of him as he enters the palace. Agamemnon acts coldly toward her, and says that to walk on the carpet would be an act of hubris, or dangerous pride; she badgers him into walking on the robes, however, and he enters the palace.
The Chorus suggests an impending sense of dread for what's to come. Clytemnestra tries to force Cassandra to go into the palace, but Cassandra remains silent, and Clytemnestra gives up and leaves her in the chariot. Cassandra, possessed by the god Apollo, begins to cry out, and her thoughts eventually form a prophecy in which she predicts Agamemnon's murder in detail, as well as her own death. After these bold predictions, she seems resigned to her fate, and enters the house.
The Chorus' fears grow, and they hear Agamemnon cry out in pain from inside. As they debate what to do, the doors open, and Clytemnestra appears, standing over the corpses of her husband and Cassandra. She declares that she has killed him to avenge Iphigenia, and then is joined by her lover Aegisthus, Agamemnon's cousin, whose brothers were cooked and served to Aegisthus' father by Agamemnon's father. They take over the government, and the Chorus foreshadows that Clytemnestra's son Orestes will return from exile to avenge his father.
